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Open Access
Weed Your Budget: Visualizing an Academic Library’s Financial Position
(The Library and Information Technology Association (LITA), a division of the American Library Association (ALA), 2025-03-17)
This paper presents a case study about opportunities for libraries to elevate reporting on their organization's financial status, transactions, and available funds using data visualization, specifically with Power BI, based on work at University of Oregon Libraries. The Power BI dashboard aggregates data from the university’s financial system and integrated library system to provide a consolidated view, and to tell the library's story in a more engaging way. The author proposes using this type of business intelligence technology to provide a transformative impact on financial operations of libraries.
Open Access
Sovetish Heymland and the Making of Socialist Yiddish Culture after Stalin
(2025-03-06) Chorley-Schulz, Miriam
In August 1961, a significant event occurred for many Jewish left-wingers around the world. Among them was Norman Puterman, a Montreal Yiddish-speaker and member of the United Jewish People’s Order, a secular and socialist Jewish organization supporting the Yiddish-speaking workers’ movement in Canada. For the first time in thirteen years, a Yiddish periodical appeared in the Soviet Union amidst the cultural “thaw.” It was called Sovetish Heymland (סאָװעטיש הײמלאַנד, Советская родина, Soviet Homeland) and it was distributed globally.
Open Access
Journalism in the AI Era: Opportunities and Challenges in the Global South
(Thomson Reuters Foundation, 2025-01-28) Radcliffe, Damian
An AI revolution in journalism is reshaping how we produce, distribute and consume news. This transformation promises creativity and innovation in newsrooms. However, it also presents significant challenges in areas such as ethics and equity. Existing narratives about AI adoption are often Western-centric, yet access to this technology differs worldwide, as do the problems faced by journalists and newsrooms. To address this imbalance, in October 2024, the Thomson Reuters Foundation surveyed more than 200 journalists – all alumni of their training programmes – from 70+ countries across the Global South and emerging economies to explore their adoption of AI, as well as their hopes and fears about journalism in the AI era.
Open Access
World Press Trends Outlook 2024-2025
(WAN-IFRA (World Association of News Publishers), 2025-01-21) Radcliffe, Damian
The findings of the latest World Press Trends Outlook report are based on insights from over 240 senior media executives across 85 countries, providing a global snapshot of the trends shaping the future of publishing. This new WAN-IFRA study marks a milestone as news publishers’ revenue structures become more diversified and less reliant on traditional print sources. For the first time in our research, print circulation and advertising revenues account for less than half of respondents’ total revenues.
Open Access
Uniting Policy, Advocacy, and Education: Reframing the Open Access Policy as a Statement of Values in a Time of Funder Mandates
(ACRL Publications, 2025) Rigby, Miriam; Gaede, Franny
Open access policies are statements of advocacy, a way for institutions to express their values of openness, collaboration, and sharing, and a statement of commitment to our communities and the scholarly and creative process. We have progressed beyond open access policies being compliance tools, as funder mandates have emerged to serve that purpose. An institution’s open access policy operates hand in hand with the requirements of governments, funders, and disciplines to work in a manner that demonstrates transparency and returns knowledge and value to all.
Open Access
Effectiveness of School-Based Depression Prevention Interventions: An Overview of Systematic Reviews With Meta-Analyses on Depression Outcomes
(Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 2024-12-30) Grant, Sean; Schweer-Collins, Maria; Day, Elizabeth; Trevino, Shaina D.; Steinka-Fry, Katarzyna; Tanner-Smith, Emily E.
Objective: This overview aims to summarize systematic reviews with meta-analyses estimating the effects of school-based depression prevention interventions on depression outcomes. Method: We conducted electronic searches (Australian Education Index, Google Scholar, ProQuest Dissertations and Theses A&I, Pubmed, Social Science Premium Collection), hand-searched key journals, and conducted backward and forward citation chasing to identify eligible reviews. Two reviewers independently screened records, assessed full texts for eligibility, and collected data. We narratively summarized review findings and quantified the overlap of primary studies across systematic reviews using Corrected Covered Area. Results: We identified 29 eligible systematic reviews with 472 included primary studies overall (Mdn = 35, range = 4–137). Only 177 primary studies (37%) were included in more than one review (Corrected Covered Area = 6%). We rated all reviews as low (10%) or critically low (90%) quality on A MeaSurement Tool to Assess systematic Reviews–2, and most reviews (86%) at high risk of bias on Risk Of Bias In Systematic reviews. Reviews mostly suggest school-based depression prevention interventions may have modest average positive impacts on depression-related outcomes—both overall and for specific stages of prevention, school levels and student ages, and specific program manuals and intervention types. However, some reviews did not detect effects, and most reviews noted concerns about primary study quality, heterogeneity, and publication bias in this body of evidence. Conclusions: School-based depression prevention interventions may be beneficial on average, though existing reviews have important methodological limitations. A living systematic review conducted according to methodological best practice could provide timely, relevant, and rigorous evidence for educational decision making.
Open Access
Open Secrets: Exploring Institutional Spending on Open Access
(Chinese American Librarians Association (CALA), 2024-12-20) Rigby, Miriam
A robust corpus exists on Open Access (OA) spending within libraries, however there is less literature on assessing OA expenditures across colleges and universities. Due to the nature of the fragmented and uneven investment in OA, researchers are likely not optimizing institutional resources on Article Processing Charges (APCs) as part of the open access environment. This article describes how personnel at University of Oregon Libraries built a Power BI model to encapsulate and visualize our institution’s open access outlay as well as apprise researchers of their options for selecting OA publication venues based on APCs and impact metrics.
Open Access
Factors Influencing School‐Based Mental Health Program Selection: Insights From Educational Stakeholders
(Psychology in the Schools, 2024-11-11) Day, Elizabeth; Steinka-Fry, Katarzyna; Shimmel, Lisa; Grant, Sean; Tanner-Smith, Emily E.
School mental health programs are an important component of the national response to the current student mental health crisis. However, evidence‐based programs often face numerous barriers to their selection, scale‐up, and sustainability in real‐world settings. In this study, we interviewed 15 educational stakeholders to examine what influences their selection of school‐based mental health programs. Interviews focused on factors influencing the selection and sustainability of mental health programs in schools. We coded transcribed interview data using a hybrid, iterative process, and generated themes from these codes. We identified five categories of themes related to key decision‐making criteria: program fit with student and school needs, evidence of program effectiveness, stakeholder buy‐in, logistical considerations for staff delivering programs, and cost and resource requirements. Findings have implications for researchers who wish to improve dissemination strategies for school‐based mental health prevention programs and for policymakers who wish to shape funding priorities to support greater diversity in program availability. Findings are also useful to practitioners who may use these insights to reflect on their own program selection practices or may see their own experiences reflected and normalized through the lens of the key themes presented here.
Open Access
Data, images, and R programming language code for age-depth modeling a lake sediment record
(2024-10-14) Gavin, Daniel G.
Langlois Lake in western Washington contains evidence of overbank flows (floods) onto an alluvial fan surface from the adjacent Tolt River. A six-meter sediment core from the lake, and a freeze core of the surface sediments, reveals the timing of these overbank flows as distinct silt units in the sediment. Radiocarbon dates and Pb-210 measurements provide a basis for aging these layers. However, due to the very different rates of sedimentation of the silt vs organic segments of the core, there is a complicated relationship between depth in the sediment and age of the sediment. Typical methods have simply removed the "slumps" of the rapidly-deposited material; this is a subjective step and difficult to apply for long cores with many such events. The method used here, originally used in two papers (Colombaroli and Gavin 2010, Colombaroli et al. 2018), uses an estimate of the fluvial silt component of sediment (from color or density) as a proxy for sedimentation rate. The R code (R programming language) and data sets here accompany an application of this method to Langlois Lake. We also provide image files of the sediment record which this method depends. Colombaroli, D., & Gavin, D. G. (2010). Highly episodic fire and erosion regime over the past 2,000 y in the Siskiyou Mountains, Oregon. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the USA, 107(44), 18909–18914. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1007692107 Colombaroli, D., Gavin, D. G., Morey, A. E., & Thorndycraft, V. R. (2018). High resolution lake sediment record reveals self-organized criticality in erosion processes regulated by internal feedbacks. Earth Surface Processes and Landforms, 43(10), 2181–2192. https://doi.org/10.1002/esp.4383)
Open Access
Re-evaluating hypertragulid diversity in the John Day basin, Oregon, USA
(Acta Palaeontologica Polonica, 2024-09-25) Famoso, Nicholas; Jewell, Lana K.
Despite their relative abundance, members of the family Hypertragulidae (Artiodactyla, Mammalia) have proved a conundrum regarding species diversity in the Turtle Cove Member (Oligocene) of the John Day Formation, located in central and eastern Oregon. Three species and two separate genera are described in the area, but previous research lacks statistical support for this level of variation. We use coefficients of variation (V) on measurements of dentition and astragali of hypertragulid specimens designated Hypertragulus hesperius, Hypertragulus minutus, and Nanotragulus planiceps as a metric for determining whether there were multiple species present in the population. Asymptotic and modified signed-likelihood ratio V equality tests show that V values of anterior-posterior molar length and transverse molar width vary significantly when comparing single species of modern ecological analogs (Muntiacus muntjak, Muntiacus reevesi, and Tragulus javanicus) to groupings of a combined population. However, the V equality tests on dental and postcranial measurements yield almost no significant results when comparing variation in the extinct John Day hypertragulids to an extant population comprised of a single species. Similar comparisons between astragali measurements of hypertragulids and T. javanicus express no significant difference in the level of variation from the combined population to a modern single species. The low level of variation in the hypertragulids and the lack of differentiation between dental characters of individuals does not statistically support the hypothesis that there were multiple species present in the population, suggesting either that cryptic species may be present but impossible to identify without soft tissue remains, or there may have been taxonomic over-splitting of a single hypertragulid species in the John Day region.
Open Access
Advancing Community-Centered Journalism
(Agora Journalism Center, 2024-09-25) Radcliffe, Damian
In 2023, the Agora Journalism Center released Redefining News: A Manifesto for Community-Centered Journalism, authored by our colleague Damian Radcliffe. That report outlined the principles and priorities that define the growing community-centered journalism (“CCJ”) movement that focuses on doing journalism in ways that serve communities by partnering with them, not just reporting “on” them. In this report, Damian goes deeper, interviewing over a dozen leading thinkers and practitioners about how CCJ is being implemented in a variety of news organizations, the challenges it is facing, and how this innovative approach to journalism can continue to grow even in the midst of declining newsroom resources and a fraught social and political environment. These interviews also reveal five key challenges – organizational culture, the time-intensive nature of CCJ work, demonstrating impact, building the journalistic skillset, and sustaining CCJ work – that practitioners are grappling with. How they learn to meet those challenges will shape the way community-centered journalism evolves. We hope this report will offer a practical and provocative set of lessons and experiences for journalists who are new to the community-centered approach as well as for those already practicing it. Journalism may be in crisis, but there is no doubt that quality, inclusive, and trusted news is needed more than ever. We hope this report helps the promising practice of community-centered journalism forward. Andrew DeVigal, Director; Regina Lawrence, Research Director; Agora Journalism Center
Open Access
Esports buffs: the perceived role of fans and fandoms in U.S. collegiate programs
(Frontiers in Sports and Active Living, 2024-09-11) Cote, Amanda C.; Rahman, Md Waseq Ur; Foxman, Maxwell; Wilson, Andrew; Harris, Brandon C.; Can, Onder; Hansen, Jared C.
Introduction: Collegiate esports—organized competitive gaming—has expanded rapidly in the United States, drawing in student players, broadcasters, and support staff, as well as university employees. Universities have invested financially in esports, hoping to capitalize on gaming fandom to attract prospective students and enhance campus community integration. Little research, however, addresses collegiate esports fandom in depth. Methods: Drawing on thirty-one in-depth interviews with collegiate esports players, student workers, program directors, and administrators, this article investigates how collegiate esports participants perceive and discuss their fans. Results: We identify three central themes related to fans in the dataset: discussions of fans’ role in the collegiate esports environment, comparisons between esports and traditional sports fans, and concerns about the underutilization of fans within collegiate esports spaces. Subsequently, we theorize these themes through existing research on professional esports and traditional collegiate sports fandoms, as well as through the concept of “fan labor,” or how the productive work of fans provides value to the nascent industry. Discussion: This article thus not only specifically explores how collegiate esports programs are normalizing fan labor as an essential part of their practices, but also questions who benefits from this relationship and how. Investigating collegiate esports fans as an under-researched group additionally provides a new perspective on how fan labor integrates with media industries more broadly.
Open Access
Visibility for Indigenous Students and Their Languages: Analysis of Home Language Data in Federal Reports across Seven U.S. States
(Social Sciences, 2024-08-16) Perez Baez, Gabriela; Zyskind, Karen; Dorman, Meagan; Medina, Yessenia
There is an increasing number of children in the U.S. classified as English Learners (ELs). Accurately identifying and supporting ELs in their academic settings entails understanding their non- English language experiences. This study presents findings from language reporting practices from seven U.S. states by examining how states account for the linguistic diversity of Indigenous Mesoamerican languages. Our findings reveal varied state approaches and underscore the limitations of current federal guidance, which limits the recognition of students’ non-English language experiences. We advocate for updating language identification practices and policies and propose a new framework for accurate language identification and continuous monitoring of student linguistic diversity.
Open Access
Molecular basis of product recognition during PIP5K-mediated production of PI(4,5)P2 with positive feedback
(Journal of Biological Chemistry, 2024-08-03) Duewell, Benjamin R.; Faris, Katherine A.; Hansen, Scott D.
The ability for cells to localize and activate peripheral membrane-binding proteins is critical for signal transduction. Ubiquitously important in these signaling processes are phosphatidylinositol phosphate (PIP) lipids, which are dynamically phosphorylated by PIP lipid kinases on intracellular membranes. Functioning primarily at the plasma membrane, phosphatidylinositol-4-phosphate 5-kinases (PIP5K) catalyzes the phosphorylation of PI(4)P to generate most of the PI(4,5)P2 lipids found in eukaryotic plasma membranes. Recently, we determined that PIP5K displays a positive feedback loop based on membrane-mediated dimerization and cooperative binding to its product, PI(4,5)P2. Here, we examine how two motifs contribute to PI(4,5)P2 recognition to control membrane association and catalysis of PIP5K. Using a combination of single molecule TIRF microscopy and kinetic analysis of PI(4)P lipid phosphorylation, we map the sequence of steps that allow PIP5K to cooperatively engage PI(4,5)P2. We find that the specificity loop regulates the rate of PIP5K membrane association and helps orient the kinase to more effectively bind PI(4,5)P2 lipids. After correctly orienting on the membrane, PIP5K transitions to binding PI(4,5)P2 lipids near the active site through a motif previously referred to as the substrate or PIP-binding motif (PIPBM). The PIPBM has broad specificity for anionic lipids and serves a role in regulating membrane association in vitro and in vivo. Overall, our data supports a two-step membrane-binding model where the specificity loop and PIPBM act in concert to help PIP5K orient and productively engage anionic lipids to drive the positive feedback during PI(4,5)P2 production.
Open Access
Discovery of Oligocene-aged mammals in Glacier National Park (Kishenehn Formation), Montana
(Geodiversitas, 2024-06-24) Famoso, Nicholas; Calede, Jonathan J., 1988-; Kehl, Winifred A.; Constenius, Kurt N.
The Kishnehn Formation crops out in Glacier National Park of northwest Montana where a rich fossil record of plant macrofossils, pollen and spores, insects, terrestrial and aquatic mollusks, and fish has been unearthed. Past research has also described an extensive mammal fauna from the Eocene (Uintan-Chadronian). Oligocene-aged fossil mammals have been reported before, but none has ever been published in the peer-reviewed literature. Here, we present the first Arikareean-aged fossil mammals from the Kishenehn Formation, the youngest fossil mammals ever discovered in the park. The fossils consist of a set of lower jaws of the leptomerycid Pronodens transmontanus (Douglas, 1903) and a partial lower jaw of the rodent Paciculus montanus Black, 1961, both endemics of the northern Rocky Mountains. These new fossils enable us to explore the morphological variation in Pronodens Koerner, 1940 and Paciculus Cope, 1879. Our analyses suggest the existence of a single widely distributed and sometimes locally abundant species of Pronodens, which may co-occur with a rare and very large second species. Our revised diagnoses for the genus and species show the need for additional work on this little-studied artiodactyl genus. Similar efforts on the systematics of cricetid rodents will benefit from building upon our analysis of tooth morphology in Paciculus to shed light on the rise of leidymines. The last fossil we describe, partial paired dentaries of Miohippus Marsh, 1874, is the northern-most occurrence of the genus in the Rocky Mountains and shows the potential for future work in the Kishenehn Formation to enable the study of faunal change across the Eocene-Oligocene boundary in the northern Rocky Mountains.
Open Access
The Sunflower Sea Star Reduces Grazing Rates of Purple Sea Urchins Dependent Upon Urchin Starvation State
(Ecosphere, 2024-05-10) Whippo, Ross; Gravem, Sarah; Porter-Hughes, Ethan; Galloway, Aaron W. E.
Ecosystem function is maintained in part by direct species interactions, but indirect interactions and non-consumptive effects may be of equal ecological importance. Along the west coast of North America, the recent population collapse of the predatory sunflower sea star Pycnopodia helianthoides has been implicated in the proliferation of the purple sea urchin Strongylocentrotus purpuratus, and a concurrent decline in kelp canopy cover in several locales. Recent work began to quantify the predation rates effects (i.e., direct consumptive effects) of Pycnopodia on sea urchins that may lead to density-mediated indirect effects on kelp. However, the importance of non-consumptive effects on urchin behavior and the possible trait-mediated indirect effects of Pycnopodia on kelp are not well understood. This leaves a critical gap in our knowledge about how these predators may be controlling grazer populations and, indirectly, primary production by macroalgae in nearshore habitats. We measured the non-consumptive behavioral effects of Pycnopodia on S. purpuratus in the laboratory including grazing rates, feeding behavior, and movement of starved versus fed urchins, the latter simulating urchin metabolic conditions within urchin barrens. We found that the presence of a waterborne Pycnopodia cue reduced the grazing rate of fed urchins by 50% over short (~24 h) time scales. In contrast, starved urchins consumed kelp and did not exhibit an escape response in the presence of a Pycnopodia cue. This study highlights a trait-mediated indirect interaction between Pycnopodia, S. purpuratus, and kelp, showing how the urchin response to a predator cue may differ based on urchin metabolic conditions or ecosystem state, and helps clarify the positive role of Pycnopodia on kelp forest health.
Open Access
New occurrences of mammals from McKay Reservoir (Hemphillian, Oregon)
(Journal of Paleontology, 2024-05-07) Orcutt, John D.; Schmer, Christiana J.; Lubisich, Jeffrey P.; Abrams, Lacy T.; Famoso, Nicholas
Encompassing global cooling, the spread of grasslands, and biogeographic interchanges, the Hemphillian North American Land Mammal Age is an important interval for understanding the factors driving ecological and evolutionary change through time. McKay Reservoir near Pendleton, Oregon is a natural laboratory for analyses of these factors. It is remarkable for its small vertebrate fauna including rodents, bats, turtles, and lagomorphs, but also for its larger mammal fossils like camelids, rhinocerotids, canids, and felids. Despite the importance of the site, few revisions to its faunal list have been published since its original description. We expand on this description by identifying taxa not previously known from McKay Reservoir based on specimens collected during fieldwork and through reidentification of previously collected fossils. Newly identified taxa include the borophagine canid Borophagus secundus (Matthew and Cook, 1909), the camelids Megatylopus Matthew and Cook, 1909 and Pleiolama Webb and Meachen, 2004, a dromomerycid, and the equids Cormohipparion Skinner and MacFadden, 1977 and Pseudhipparion Ameghino, 1904. Specimens previously assigned to Neohipparion Gidley, 1903 and Hipparion de Christol, 1832 lack the features necessary to diagnose these genera, which are therefore removed from the site's faunal list. The presence of Borophagus secundus, Cormohipparion, and Pseudhipparion is especially important, because each occurrence represents a major geographic range extension. This refined understanding of the fauna lays the foundation for future studies of taphonomy, taxonomy, functional morphology, and paleoecology—potentially at the population, community, or ecosystem levels—at this paleobiologically significant Miocene locality.
Open Access
Outshine with the Superfine Frankenstein Pipeline at Timberline: Visualizing Cost Per Use in Power BI
(The Acquisitions Institute at Timberline Lodge, Oregon, 2024-05) Harlan, Lydia; Buxton, Kristin; Hayden, Gabriele
Looking to establish a current and reproducible cost per use analysis for continuing resources, three members of University of Oregon Libraries explored ways to ingest, store, and visualize cost and usage data. Our presentation describes how we developed a pipeline using Alma, COUNTER5, SUSHI, APIs, Python, and Power BI to create an easily refreshed dashboard for collections assessment. Our tool shifts the time investment from manually harvesting usage statistics to interpreting the data and sharing it with stakeholders. By establishing this automated pipeline, we created an up-to-date dashboard and reproducible model that we can share with others and improve upon in future permutations. We hope that attendees of this presentation will feel inspired to use visualization to tell stories and become curious about constructing a data pipeline of their own.
Open Access
Lori Robare: Tribute in honor of her retirement
(Nelson Poynter Memorial Library, 2024-04-18) Hixson, Carol G.
Originally published as a blog posting on April 18, 2024 in honor of Lori Robare's retirement from the University of Oregon Libraries.
Open Access
Recasting Twitch: Livestreaming, Platforms, and New Frontiers in Digital Journalism
(Routledge: Taylor and Francis Group, 2024-04-05) Foxman, Maxwell; Harris, Brandon C.; Partin, William Clyde
Despite Twitch’s dominant position in Western livestreaming markets, institutional journalists rarely produce content on the platform. This paper investigates how journalistic practices, cultures, business models, and institutions approach Twitch through three empirical sites: The Washington Post’s experimentation with the app, left-leaning political influencer Hasan Piker, and the pro-QAnon 24/7 “news” channel, Patriots’ Soapbox. The cases demonstrate how newsmaking on Twitch flouts traditional journalists’ ideological and occupational boundaries, exploiting the platform’s features and affordances to enroll the audience in a live broadcasting experience.